Identification of Peromyscus Leucopus and Peromyscus

Chimnoya Nwagwu and Oliver Pergams, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607

 

Classification of the Peromyscus species P. leucopus (the white-footed mouse) and P. maniculatus bairdii (the prairie mouse) has been problematic due to morphological similarities, though P. leucopus and P. maniculatus bairdii clearly prefer different habitats. However, this is not sufficient in identify the species. The two existing methods of classification are 1) the use of external and cranial measurements and 2) electrophoresis of salivary amylase. These methods reduce the misclassification of these species, but they have limitations. Measurements may not take into account the full extent of interspecies variation. Electrophoresis of salivary amylase appears accurate, yet it is limited to fresh or frozen specimens.
In this research a new method of identifying these Peromyscus species through mtDNA haplotypes will be developed. This method will allow the reclassification of existing museum skins by using ancient DNA techniques. I have obtained the known cranial and external measurements of nine museum specimens. This resulted in three categories: A) samples that met the criteria for classification as P. maniculatus bairdii, B) samples that met the criteria for classification as P. leucopus, and C) samples that were potentially misclassified as P. maniculatus bairdii. I have extracted DNA from each of these skin samples, and have amplified the cytochrome oxidase c subunit II mitochondrial gene using PCR. I am now sequencing this gene for each sample. If mtDNA haplotypes can be identified corresponding to specimens of known species of museum specimens, an important step towards resolving the classification of these species will have been achieved.